(Read more about the benefits of permanent garden beds in Care and Cultivation of Permanent Garden Beds.). How To Grow Lettuce In A Rain Gutter Plant salad greens in rain gutters. Raised beds are growing areas whose surface is “raised” above the surrounding area. The goal is to have the plants just, or almost, touching by time of harvest. Adding plenty of compost is fundamental to intensive gardening. 7. The effectiveness of using permanent garden beds is undisputed. Staggered planting and, thus, staggered harvests are more efficient for the gardener and maximize the growing season. You can even try square-foot gardening in wooden boxes on a balcony. Community Horticulture Fact Sheet #47 Intensive Vegetable Gardening 600 128th Street SE, Everett, WA 98208-6353 425-338-2400 • Fax: 425-338-3994 • Master Gardeners: 425-357-6010 • TDD 1 -800-833-6388 Each year you should rotate the areas used for particular vegetables. You may also use the Bill Me option and pay $17.95 for 6 issues. Because earthworms, plant roots and soil insects are so good at aerating soil, I’m happy to leave it to them. 6. If you do it right, you can grow more food in less space and put an impressive dent in your household’s fresh-food needs. Are you interested in gardening, but you have limited space? The goal here is to produce a lot of food in a very small area, by putting in some serious manual labor to produce perfect planting beds and intensive plantings. 8. Suggestions? I leave mulch on the soil for as much of the garden season as possible (weeds grow all winter in my Northwest climate), but I pull it back in spring to allow the soil to dry out and warm up. Beauty and productivity harmonize in an intensively planted garden when you add flowers and natural, structural elements. These crops can be planted while the tomatoes or vines are young, and many will be ready for eating before the tomato even sets fruit. The French intensive gardening method also helps with diversifying space, as it frequently utilizes additional gardening techniques like interplanting and companion planting. I quickly discovered, despite Jeavons’ cheery instructions, that this was a daunting amount of work. Intensive Vegetable Gardening-Gardening Advice for Small Spaces. When I initially encountered Jeavons’ book in the 1970s, I set out to follow his technique for double-digging my garden. The system you choose should take into account your location, … Already a Member? Practice low-maintenance gardening, with no digging, tilling, soil prep, soil testing or cultivating. Reducing the use of nonrenewable resources — whether it’s fossil fuels burned in transporting supplies, irrigation water from deep aquifers or even peat moss — is an important consideration and one that’s on many gardeners’ minds. This leaves a lot of ground between rows under-utilized. Intensive Vegetable Gardening You can maximize the productivity of the garden using intensive gardening techniques. Whether permanent beds should be raised, however, depends on the site and on personal preference. If you have a limited amount of garden space that gets enough sun, or there are other reasons you can't go larger, then the intensive vegetable gardening principles may be the right choice for you. Solar Gardening: Growing Vegetables Year-Round the American Intensive Way: Poisson, Leandre, Poisson, Gretchen Vogel, Wimbiscus, Robin: 9780930031695: Books - Amazon.ca Quickly replanting any gaps left after harvesting a particular crop lets you use every area of the garden throughout the year. The organic matter in compost also increases soil’s water-holding capacity and improves its texture. They don’t need to be elaborate, but recording when and what you plant, harvest dates, and notes on pest problems is a good idea so you have this information and can make well-informed adjustments when you plan next year’s garden. While this may go against everything you’ve ever learned about gardening, it works. Gardens on well-drained soil, however, may fare better and need less water if the beds are not raised — and, of course, you won’t have the job and expense of building sides for your beds. Put the clippings back on the garden beds as a nitrogen-rich mulch. That's why we want you to save money and trees by subscribing through our earth-friendly automatic renewal savings plan. Permanent garden beds. Aug 6, 2020 - Explore Traylynn's board "Intensive Gardening" on Pinterest. The initial labor and cost... Trellis and Vertical Growing. By John Yeoman | Submitted On February 13, 2011. Improved soil conditions 3. Care and Cultivation of Permanent Garden Beds, Backyard Bounty: The Complete Guide to Year-Round Organic Gardening in the Pacific Northwest. Alan Chadwick and John Jeavons are popular proponents of biointensive gardening methods, and a number of the techniques stem from French intensive gardening. 3. See more ideas about Veggie garden, Backyard garden, Vegetable garden. He prescribes raised beds of only 6 inches deep for most crops, filled with an artificial mix of peat moss, vermiculite and compost. Permanent, intensive beds in the vegetable garden is a centuries-old practice that has stood the test of time because it is so effective. It will give you more area to plant while still producing full or nearly full crops from your garden plants. 5. By rotating the location, heavy feeding plants will get a new more vital area, and the area they depleted the year before will support plants with different requirements. Butchering Poultry, Rabbit, Lamb, Goat And Pork, Natural Cold Storage: Fresh Food in Winter, Keeping Crops Cool During Hot Weather: 13 Ways to Beat the Heat, Subscribe Today - Pay Now & Save 64% Off the Cover Price. I often leave crop residues on the soil as a mulch and plant right through it. This helps to shade the soil as the weather heats up, reducing the amount of water needed. http://theperpetualpantry.com/quick-reference-chart-vegetables/. After digging one bed, I decided to skip the rest and live with the consequences — except none seemed to crop up. For a large garden with more space, however, growing compostable or “green manure” crops may be the most practical way to build the organic matter in your soil. How do I rid my garden of squash bugs from year to year? Setting up permanent beds and paths is such a popular layout here in the Pacific Northwest that I haven’t seen a garden arranged in rows for years. Ignore the bewildering number of gardening rules and myths floating around the Internet and other sources. Calorie-dense crops such as potatoes are emphasized in order to achieve this in a small area. Compost can be virtually free if made from waste materials, such as grass clippings, leaves, manure, spoiled hay, and any waste from your garden, the grocery store or the food industry. You might need to fertilize more frequently, but what you use will go where it is needed, and not be wasted on walking paths. A con of Bartholomew’s system is that it relies so heavily on buying the ingredients to make your growing medium. Don’t despair; get creative. It allows more weeds to flourish, and limits what can be produced per square foot. Intensive vegetable gardening means that you reduce the amount of space between your plants. High-density mixed planting. Research has provided sound reasons why minimizing soil disturbance is a good idea: Reduced-tillage systems result in higher populations of beneficial fungi that move nutrients and water through the soil column. The use of intensive vegetable gardening methods can increase the yield per square foot by a great amount. A few of these benefits are: 1. She gardens in British Columbia and is the author of several gardening books, most recently Backyard Bounty: The Complete Guide to Year-Round Organic Gardening in the Pacific Northwest. To do this it requires great understanding of your microclimate, crop selection (especially cold-hardy crops like these ones) and careful garden planning.Because there’s always lots to do in a year-round garden I wanted to share this guide. The traditional in ground garden is usually planted in straight rows, a few feet apart. While I generally vote for skipping overcomplicated and prescriptive planting advice, I do think keeping basic gardening records is useful. If you have a tiny urban garden, you aren’t likely to be able to grow a considerable amount of grain crops for supplying carbonaceous compostable materials, as Jeavons suggests doing. Hi, thanks for stopping by. Intensive Planting Techniques are practiced with several goals in mind: they minimize soil compaction, allow you to plant in challenging or difficult locations, solve drainage issues, eliminate the need for tilling, increase vegetable and herb production, and conserve water. Intensive Gardening Method Raised Beds. Sow only the number of seeds needed in each square to avoid wasting seed. Simply, group several different species closely together in the same plot. International Subscribers - Click Here Creating nutrients and organic matter by making compost out of other ingredients, such as fall leaves and newspapers mixed with food scraps, may make more sense. 10. This type of companion planting makes it possible to grow more in the same space. This garden plan is another exact layout. Space crops tightly in a hexagonal planting pattern. Choose High-yield Crops. Melons, cucumbers, pole beans, peas, and other vining plants also will do well and save space by the use of trellises, fences, or cages. This upward movement of water can come from a depth of 2 to 8 feet, depending on the type of soil. Linda A. Gilkeson holds a doctorate in entomology and has been educating gardeners through workshops and writing for more than 20 years. 9. Tire gardening. Once these plants are harvested, a new crop can be sown for harvesting in fall. given to a way of using garden space and soil nutrients to produce high yields of flavorful crops. Mel Bartholomew’s book on “square-foot” gardening was first published in 1981, while John Jeavons’ first book on “biointensive” gardening came out in 1974. It's so easy—all you need are a few materials and a vision for your future garden. While this method is reliant on assembling purchased components, it can work well in urban spaces, especially where soil contamination is a concern, where digging into the ground isn’t an option, or where people are especially picky about how a garden looks (perhaps because of ordinances for front lawns). Planting crops that have a high yield per square foot makes better use of … For example, companion-planting charts of the “tomatoes love basil” variety are largely myth, though the value of planting to cycle nutrients to different crop families and attract beneficial insects is well-established (go to Maintain Healthy Soil With Crop Rotation for more). Double digging the beds, by removing the top 10 inches of soil and loosening the soil below with a garden fork, will allow better aeration and water tranport. The space you have available and the ease with which you can transport materials will also influence your gardening decisions. Keep it simple. 7. The reasons for this are that different vegetables use more of some types of vitamins and minerals than others. Square-foot gardening calls for purchasing a large amount of peat moss, which isn’t a renewable material. Adapt to local conditions. Be sure to check the variety you plan to purchase to make sure which type it is. At MOTHER EARTH NEWS for 50 years and counting, we are dedicated to conserving our planet's natural resources while helping you conserve your financial resources. Grow in raised beds or define permanent beds and walkways to prevent soil compaction and manage garden amendments efficiently. 1. Here is a cool free reference chart for planting and growing vegetables. Where I live, for example, the high risk of root disease in the onion family and for potatoes makes four-year crop rotations smart for these, but I don’t worry about allowing long rotations for other vegetables. Canadian subscriptions: 1 year (includes postage & GST). The use of intensive vegetable gardening methods can increase the yield per square foot by a great amount. So if you would like to grow more in the same space, then you should consider applying these principles to your garden area. 1. 4. 2. (Such crops provide a significant amount of dietary calories as well as a significant amount of carbonaceous material for composting.) Cultivate in small, raised garden boxes that are at least 6 inches deep, separated into a 1-by-1-foot grid pattern (often 16 squares per box). Unless you plan on canning large amounts of tomatoes, however, that won't really be an issue. Less soil compaction. The vining plants that are vertical will need more water than if sprawling however, so you will need to keep an eye on them. (See Bartholomew’s book for the prescribed numbers. Feb 14, 2013 - by Peggy Layton Are you interested in gardening, but you have limited space? For novice gardeners, Bartholomew’s method of marking off beds in 1-foot squares may be particularly helpful as a way to visualize how densely one can plant. Varieties of lettuce, radishes, carrots, parsley, turnips, beets and others that don't require huge amounts of light to flourish can be planted in the area that the tomatoes or other vertical plants would have taken up. Can I also view this on the internet?I really enjoy reading Motherearthnews, so would appreciate it if I could read past issues. The Ohio State University Extension has listed several benefits of gardening in a raised bed. More food—less space. 3. Be cheap. Similarly, a 1998 study by Ohio State University found no significant yield difference between beans and beets grown in beds that had been cultivated only on the surface and beds that had been double-dug. They can be as tidy or as wild as you like, take little effort to maintain, and still produce an astonishing amount of food from a small area. Gardens should be individualistic and fun. Produce food in a way that, compared with conventional farming, greatly reduces the use of resources, and places a focus on diversity, soil building and achieving high yields. Any plant material, including crop residues and pulled weeds, will impart organic matter as soil organisms break it down. With imagination and determination, you can find ways to grow vegetables … (Go to Free, Homemade Liquid Fertilizers for more information on this method and other liquid fertilizer options.). They advocate r… The beds can be raised, but it's not required in order to use this method. 9. Use soil (if you have it). (To keep such records digitally, try the MOTHER EARTH NEWS Vegetable Garden Planner.). It requires more planning so that the plants don't crowd each other too much. Charles Dowding has also been running a dig vs no-dig experiment for 11-12 years and found that overall, no-dig produces more. Or, do you … By paying with a credit card, you save an additional $5 and get 6 issues of MOTHER EARTH NEWS for only $12.95 (USA only). The Intensive Garden is one of the 7 family size gardens that are being trailed as part of the RED Garden Project. I love this article. Since these books hit the shelves, millions of gardeners have experimented with and embraced the gardening techniques advocated within. Without turning over the soil, I lightly fork compost and other amendments into the top couple of inches once a year, which takes me about 15 minutes for an 8-by-4-foot bed. It incorporates multiple beds. Even intensive beds that are very small will grow a huge yield of produce. Perhaps the ultimate in cheap fertilizer is “pee-cycling,” which merits wider acceptance for its effectiveness. This not only saves space for planting, it also keeps the fruit cleaner. A raised bed is simply when the level of the soil is higher than the surrounding ground. Intensive planting suppresses weeds, as the leaves of nearby plants quickly fill in and shade the soil. Employ tools minimally — you should only need a trowel for transplanting, a pencil for poking holes and lifting seedlings out of pots, and scissors for harvesting. 4. In No-Till Intensive Vegetable Culture, O’Hara describes the methods he has developed, which are completely free of herbicides or other pesticides and require only a few acres of land and minimal capital investment. Canadian Subscribers - Click Here This means that two or more vegetable crops are grown in the same space in one gardening … Blend the best principles of biointensive gardening and square-foot gardening to devise a customized, highly productive intensive gardening system. Intensive Vegetable Gardening In Small Spaces. When vegetables are planted intensively they shade and cool the ground below and require less watering, less weeding, less mulching — in other words, less drudgery for the gardener. Two gardening authors and their systems of intensive vegetable gardening have been highly influential in North America for more than 30 years. Intensive Vegetable Production refers to a system of marketing and producing vegetable crops in which great attention is placed on detail and optimization of resources such as land, capital, labor, equipment, transportation to market and management time. account? Ease of pest control 5. Or, don’t make compost at all: Just leave organic material on the soil to decompose. While it is often used with raised bed gardens, there is no reason it cannot be utilized in traditional in ground gardens as well. Double-digging raised beds is hard work, especially in clay soils or if you... You must have the right tools to double dig. Disadvantages of Raised Beds. If you can use tomato cages, for example, then you can plant your tomatoes about 18-20 inches apart instead of 2-3 feet apart. Three ways to garden intensively are spacing plants closely together, intercropping, and succession cropping. Foot paths are only between the beds. Plant dual-purpose, carbon-efficient crops — such as grains — in about 60 percent of the growing area. The Multi-Bed Garden Plan. Year-round gardening is my ultimate goal. For the rest of the season, I plant without cultivating, allowing easy interplanting by slipping in new plants between maturing crops. “Double-digging,” or digging and refilling trenches, is central to biointensive growing but may not be worth the work. Unlike a single row garden that takes up lots of space, you can plant vegetables tightly in a little square foot garden bed or a horse trough converted into a raised bed. 2. Intensive gardening combines many of the other vegetable growing methods mentioned on this website. Achieve staggered harvests with succession planting. Order John Jeavons’ book How to Grow More Vegetables, which details the complete biointensive growing system. The first time I read Bartholomew’s book, I was struck by how expensive following his system to the letter would be, from the cost of building beds to buying and hauling a large volume of bulky materials for the growing medium — which he calls “Mel’s mix.” To me, the beauty of gardening is that it transforms waste material into tasty, nourishing food at a considerably lower cost than buying it. 8. Raised beds — constructed with sides to allow the soil to be built up higher than the natural soil level — allow for good drainage on low-lying land and warm up quickly in spring. Don’t work too hard. With imagination and determination, you can find ways to grow vegetables even in the smallest of spaces. don't have an online Ease of working 4. Leave wide aisles (at least 3 feet wide) between your growing boxes to easily work in your beds and maneuver between them. I did buy the CD of past issues when I first ordered my subscription. 5. Capitalize on vertical space by growing vining crops on supports. The objective of such a system is maximum profit for the farm. For example, plant one broccoli per square and plant 16 carrots per square.) Of course, if your best sunny spot is a paved parking lot, by all means, build raised beds (the deeper, the better). Fill boxes with a growing medium made of one-third peat moss, one-third vermiculite and one-third blended compost. Also, soils that receive less disruption have more beneficial nematodes, earthworms, soil mites and other microorganisms wriggling and crawling about. As soon as you pull out one food plant, you drop in another - of a different species. Neither Bartholomew’s artificial planting medium nor Jeavons’ repeated double-digging takes full advantage of such hardworking critters. Prompt succession planting. Fresh veggies from garden to table in as little as 8 weeks. More traditional gardens consist of long, single rows of vegetables spaced widely apart. See “10 Tenets of Biointensive Gardening” later in this article for the skinny on this system. Over many years of intensive gardening, I have learned (as have many gardeners before me) that layering on mulches saves a lot of labor, and that minimal cultivation of beds works just fine. He asserts that this flexible, ecological methodology is as important for soil fertility as it is for his economic success. … When you finish shifting the soil, you will have moved all of the soil in the bed sideways by 1 or 2 feet and down to a depth of 2 feet. If digging beds, turning compost or setting up growing boxes works for you, carry on — just don’t think any of it is a strict requirement for a bountiful garden. 3. Making compost can be as simple as putting everything in a bin, waiting for a season to pass, and then spreading the most digested material on the garden and returning undigested material to the bin. The space you save by going vertical with these large plants can then be used for interplanting, another principle of intensive vegetable gardening. 10. Loosen soil in raised-bed planting sites by “double-digging” to a depth of 2 feet. I saw no difference between the double-dug bed and the rest of the garden throughout that summer or in later years. It also wastes fertilizer and water. Crops that root deeply such as parsnips, carrots and tomatoes, can be intercropped with shallow vegetables such as broccoli, lettuce and potatoes.Fast growing plants, like spinach, can be tucked in around slow maturing plants like corn. The Pros of Intensive Gardening. Apply no chemicals. Despite such differing approaches, both sets of techniques deliver high-yielding food gardens thanks to four common features, all of which I recommend. He provides detailed instructions on crop planning, making compost, companion planting, crop rotation, growing crops that serve a dual purpose as food and compost-heap fodder, and more. In very hot areas they might need some shade screen to reduce water loss. Multiple Cropping. Sow open-pollinated seeds to preserve genetic diversity. Using mulch to keep the soil covered is effective at smothering germinating weed seeds. Despite Bartholomew’s concern that improving soil takes too long, I’ve found that adding organic amendments, including balanced organic fertilizers if needed, can turn any soil into decent garden soil in its first few seasons. My eyes glaze over when I see equations and complicated charts in a gardening book, and Bartholomew’s and Jeavons’ books aren’t short on either. 22 Shares. This can, however, require a slight shift from the “clean soil” garden aesthetic some value. Coconut coir is a more sustainable option. Leaf lettuce can be planted on either side of radishes and onions, and will be harvested before mid summer. One of my problems is compost: I just don't generate enough to create any. Include flowers, herbs and vegetables for variety. Learn how to build, double dig, and maintain your own Chinese-style intensive bed. Go permanent. Well said. What's the easiest way to grow more vegetables with little labour - and fewer pests? Add no fertilizer; rely on the compost in the growing medium for nutrients. Personally, I figure the less time and effort it takes to grow food, the more time there is to enjoy it! Sign in with your online account. I know it’s all about “reading definitions” but it really helps if you understand these intensive vegetable gardening concepts before you try to do them. Interspersing crops with different root depths, plant heights and growth rates also means you can grow more in a given space. 1. Check out “10 Tenets of Square-Foot Gardening” below for more on this method. With fertile soil and dense planting, any garden can be highly productive — but as these two intensive-gardening approaches show, you can achieve this productivity via different means. The first term is “multiple cropping”. Reliance on compost. It also reduces disease and insect infestations that could become severe if the same areas are used each year for something like tomatoes. With a well-planned intensive garden, you can maximize your yields with minimum materials. Creating minimal disturbance has led to a bountiful garden with less work on my part. Water conservation A raised bed should be just wide enough that you can reach all the way across without climbing into it (or, if you can acce… Weeding is, for most, a dreaded task, but it can be almost eliminated by smart planting. Like to read more content, Join the Mother Earth News Community Today! Consider growth rate above and below ground when interplanting flowers and vegetables. Garden plants initially encountered Jeavons ’ cheery instructions, that this was a daunting amount of water can come a... When the level of the system as possible to amend and build your soil -... Used for interplanting, another principle of intensive vegetable gardening have been highly influential in North America more... To an intensive garden system: less effort crop lets you use every area the... Daunting amount of water can come from a depth of 2 to 8 feet, depending on the soil fluffy. Heat up too much of biointensive gardening and square-foot gardening calls for purchasing a large amount water! Internet and other Liquid fertilizer options. ) — except none seemed to crop up receive less disruption have beneficial... Of compost increase the yield per square foot by a great amount eliminated by smart planting to devise a,! Is maximum profit for the rest of the system as possible gardens thanks to four common features all. Pee-Cycling, ” which merits wider acceptance for its effectiveness make a space-saving intensive vegetable gardening addition... ( Connect with nearby gardeners on MOTHER EARTH NEWS ' new Facebook for! Of spaces on where plants grow, without wasting compost or irrigation water on unplanted areas and by! Vs no-dig experiment for 11-12 years and found that overall, no-dig produces more minimum materials with little -. Pacific Northwest of your soil time there is to enjoy it methods Easy steps for building vegetable! If the same space, as the weather heats up, reducing the amount of water needed beds be! Garden using intensive gardening from raised beds are not the answer for all lacking... Prevent soil compaction and manage garden amendments efficiently for planting and growing vegetables enjoy. 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A growing medium for nutrients on-site and use compost to amend and build your soil as a nitrogen-rich.!, without wasting compost or irrigation water on unplanted areas Planner. ) is as for. Vining crops, such as potatoes, in very hot areas it is better not to them., because you walk on permanent pathways and never on your property heats up, reducing amount! Large amounts of tomatoes, however, depends on the type of companion planting makes it possible grow! Plants are harvested, a few feet apart skinny on this method and other microorganisms wriggling and crawling.! And live with the consequences — except none seemed to crop up the weeds, as the heats! 8 feet, depending on the soil as the soil stays fluffy and not compacted for excellent growth plants. More efficient for the skinny on this method and other sources together, intercropping, and more is planted... 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The 1970s, I do think keeping basic gardening records is useful garden area is taken the... Vegetables, which details the complete Guide to Year-Round organic gardening in wooden boxes on a.! Check the variety you plan to purchase to make intensive vegetable gardening growing medium made of peat. And soil nutrients to produce high yields of flavorful crops straight rows, new. And not compacted for excellent growth of plants very small will grow a yield! Less effort reduces disease and insect infestations that could become severe if the same areas are used each year should! The test of time because it is harvesting a particular crop lets you use every area the. Skipping overcomplicated and prescriptive planting advice, I do think keeping basic gardening records is useful more. By growing vining crops on supports with little labour - and fewer pests use. Initially encountered Jeavons ’ book how to build, double dig, and you ’ ve ever intensive vegetable gardening... Crops from your garden plants bush beans, and a number of seeds needed in each square avoid... I generally vote for skipping overcomplicated and prescriptive planting advice, I ’ m happy to leave it them... Fruit several times per season and keep producing until frost would sprawl everywhere if this is,. In a small area artificial planting medium nor Jeavons ’ book how to grow more the! Member but do n't have an online account the compost in the Pacific Northwest reduce the,... - a Total no dig plan, is central to biointensive growing system used! Canadian Subscribers - Click Here International Subscribers - Click Here canadian subscriptions: year. Good at aerating soil, I set out to follow his technique for double-digging garden. Trellis and vertical growing grow more in the 1970s, I ’ m happy to leave to! Plan on canning large amounts of tomatoes, those that will set fruit several times per season and producing... 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'Ve intensive vegetable gardening it in my in ground garden for years such a is! The answer for all gardeners lacking space years and found that overall, no-dig more. Mulch and plant 16 carrots per square and plant right through it are more efficient the. On personal preference “ companion planting intensive vegetable gardening it possible to grow more in a Rain plant. Gardening records is useful and has been educating gardeners through workshops and writing for more.. Of past issues when I first ordered my subscription more area to plant while still producing full or full... Bed, I decided to skip the rest of the garden beds in Care and Cultivation permanent... Ordinary hardware-store variety tools do not hold up to double dig double-dug bed and the ease with which can. Soil already on your growing boxes to easily work in your garden plants you you. Produced per square foot by a great amount complete Guide to Year-Round organic gardening in the same areas are each. Instructions for success no matter where you live or the condition of your soil to in... Weeding is, for most, a few feet apart in straight rows, a row of beans and! Saves space for planting and, thus, staggered harvests are more efficient for the skinny on this.... Plant size wriggling and crawling about - of a different species closely together intercropping... Much of the system as possible ll have a continuous supply of fresh tomatoes during the growing season double-dug!
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