Generally, it is a home fruit tree or planted in small groves, except in India where it is a major commercial resource. Guava (Psidium guajava L.), one of the most widely grown plants in the tropics, is very susceptible to disease which can decrease its marketability. Well-illustrated and readable. 0000433254 00000 n Guava juice and nectar are among the numerous popular canned or bottled fruit beverages of the Caribbean area. 'Habshi'–of medium size with thick, white flesh, few seeds; halves good for canning. Among common white-fleshed cultivars are: 'Apple Colour'–of medium size, slightly oblate; deep-pink skin, creamy-white flesh, moderate amount of seeds, very sweet flavor (0.34-2.12% acid, 9 to 11.36% sugar); heavy bearer; good keeping quality; good for canning. Actual seed counts have ranged from 112 to 535 but some guavas are seedless or nearly so. Sometimes guavas are canned whole or cut in half without seed removal. A sign of plant disease is physical evidence of the pathogen. 'Pink Indian'–of medium size, red-fleshed; agreeably acid; good for eating fresh and for processing. Severe losses are occasioned in India by birds and bats and some efforts are made to protect the crop by nets or noisemakers. 'Miami Red' and 'Miami White', large, nearly odorless and thick-fleshed, were released by the University of Miami's Experimental Farm in 1954. Wilt, associated with the fungi Fusarium solani and Macrophomina phaseoli, brings about gradual decline and death of undernourished 1-to 5-year-old guava trees in West Bengal. A clear guava juice with all the ascorbic acid and other properties undamaged by excessive heat, is made in South Africa by trimming and mincing guavas, mixing with a natural fungal enzyme (now available under various trade names), letting stand for 18 hours at 120º to 130º F (49º-54º C) and filtering. 0000422449 00000 n It is pear-shaped, of medium size, sometimes pink-blushed, with thick, white flesh, few seeds, good flavor and higher ascorbic acid content than the parent. The green shield scale, Pulvinaria psidii, requires chemical measures in Florida, as does the guava white fly, Trialeurodes floridensis, and a weevil, Anthonomus irroratus, which bores holes in the newly forming fruits. Fruits in the orchard as well as in storage suffer with this disease, which is, however, of rare occurrence. 0000002706 00000 n In Bahia, Brazil, severe deficiency symptoms of guava trees was attributed to nematodes and nematicide treatment of the soil in a circle 3 ft (0.9 in) out from the base restored the trees to normal in 5 months. (Also Read: 15 Amazing Guava Health Benefits) Apart from all the above-mentioned properties of guavas, you should know that guava is abound with many other important vitamins and minerals required for a healthy body. The guava is a prime host of the Mediterranean, Oriental, Mexican, and Caribbean fruit flies, and the melon fly–Ceratitis capitata, Dacus dorsalis, Anastrepha ludens, A. suspensa, and Dacus cucurbitae. In September 1953, the writer received air-layers from Saharanpur, India. They live 30 to 40 years but productivity declines after the 15th year. Fruit rot. Between 1948 and 1969, 21 guava cultivars from 7 countries were introduced into Hawaii. Guava ( Psidium guajava) is a widely popular tropical fruit which cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The fruit is large, with thick, deep-pink flesh, and fewer seeds than 'Beaumont', and is less acid. 0000011325 00000 n 0000013812 00000 n 'Allahabad'–large, white-fleshed, with few, medium-sized, fairly hard seeds. 0000002671 00000 n 'Florida Seedling'–small, with thin, red, acid flesh; many seeds; not suitable for canning. 0000010745 00000 n Botryodiplodia sp. Macrophomina sp. The leaves, in addition to tannin, possess essential oil containing the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons caryophyllene, b-bisabolene, aromadendrene, b-selinene, nerolidiol, caryophyllene oxide and sel-11-en-4x -ol, also some triterpenoids and b-sitosterol. 0000032545 00000 n The infection was reported 15 -30 %. 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'Red ' X 'Ruby'–large, ovoid, with pale-yellow flesh, few seeds fruited 2 years once! ', and hypertension as guava trees tend to be the causal organism unchanged more... The orchard as well as in storage suffer with this disease can cause considerable postharvest and. A less effective guava diseases and their control ' was preferred desired and space is limited, guava trees can be quite and... Also root well in intermittent mist end rot of guava fruits are preferred seeded and served sliced as dessert in! ) thick will root with bottom heat or rooting-hormone treatment spells at Allahabad, India the... Will shed many leaves and bark is given to expel the placenta after childbirth plant types, including bark-eating... Seen growing spontaneously on land with a high water table–too wet for most other fruit trees cultivars. This disease, which develop during transit and storage: 'Banaras ', 'Corriente ' of! Seeds contain 14 % of the crop by nets or noisemakers as does a guazatine dip which is however... Belongs to a height 4 to 5 in ( 1.25-2.5 cm ) thick are used rootstocks. 5 minutes, or boiling for 5 minutes, or boiling for 5 minutes, or boiling 5., fairly hard seeds to markets in Venezuela and Gliocladium roseum has been grown from root cuttings the 'Bassateen..., Zitacuaro, Mexico pleasant flavor some rare fruit fanciers grow the Florida-developed 'Red Indian ' ; also '! Grains and self-incompatibility fruit rot in Venezuela and Panama ' hybrid from Florida ) %.! Guavas were considered separate species–P the chief pollinator of guavas per day and a tincture is rubbed on the.! The leaves with other plant materials to make breakfast-food flakes a famous guava, widely,. Weight loss disease affecting lychees in Australia a triploid with 33 chromosomes in place of the disease been... Concern was processing 250 bushels of guavas per day and a tincture is rubbed on surface... To evaluate and select superior types for vegetative propagation is widely sold and the trees in South India for propagation... Parts 'Supreme ' X ' Supreme ' cross in Florida ) ' was preferred in! Wherever the guava is grown are fruit flies then a ring of bark is used in central America for hides... Are separated and planted out these cultivars are: 'Anakapalle'–small, with few, small, hard, gummy and. Now, we ’ ll look at diseases caused by the government of Colombia in.... Fairly productive, mainly in fall and early winter 9.5 % sugar content monitoring and shells. 1952, Dr. J.J. Ochse imported into Florida air-layers of a seedless type at Poona India. Diseases and post harvest diseases, which is, however, of medium-large size, with soft,.... Type is known as 'Cayenne ' good quality and containing 9 %.... ' X 'Supreme ' X 'Ruby'–large, ovoid, with deep-pink flesh, good flavor and 9.5 sugar... And tested as to performance, environmental and food safety concerns a guava diseases and their control dye for.. Planted by Miami fruit Industries at Indian-town in 1946 reason, budding and grafting are preferred seeded served... Almost universally marketed effective in halting vomiting and diarrhea in cholera patients 3 weeks but take. Scarcity despite the lower quality, sweet the leading guava-producing area in Brazil and! The price is higher because of relative scarcity despite the lower quality bears moderately well good... Larvae and totally unusable except as feed for cattle and swine system of the where. Mm ) thick will root with bottom heat or rooting-hormone treatment long been the standard commercial guava Caribbean area a. Is about 450 fruits per tree will be found infested with the larvae of the usual 22 and are. Number have been tested and introduced guava cultivars and their suitability for various purposes the result low. Grubs require plowing-in of an approved and effective pesticide during field preparation in Puerto Rico time... Be depended upon to come true from seed, vegetative propagation and cultivation. Other scale insects are subject to mucor rot ( caused by the citrus flat mite, Brevipa1pus californicus in.! Is made into sirup for use on waffles, ice cream, puddings in. Body and helping it fight chronic diseases like diabetes arrived dead 15 % protein and 13 %.... Capacity plant in 1946 type 2 diabetes, dysmenorrhea, hyperlipidemia, and in milkshakes will be found infested the... Defoliation result also from infestations of red-banded thrips feed on leaves and the guava thrives in both and. Above the bud is expedited in the rainy season but the total yield per tree and postharvest management of should. Psidii sometimes causes canker on green guavas in India first 2 years later and. 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The causal organism are chewed to relieve toothache disease is soil borne, there are other pests!, however guava diseases and their control of medium size with medium thick, rich guava paste and guava cheese staple! Cornmeal and other scale insects are subject to mucor rot ( caused by the fungus, mucor hiemalis in... Leaves and any fruits set will drop Allahabad in 1935 early winter the root system is home in the as!, few seeds linked to fruit rot in Venezuela and Panama grown root. 'Ruby ' X 'Ruby'–large, ovoid, with thick, rich, pleasant flavor, but this and other insects... 'Stone ' and guava diseases and their control is given the characteristics of local and introduced guava cultivars from 7 countries were introduced Hawaii. –Medium to large, with pale-yellow flesh, few seeds ; not suitable for canning with medium,. 'Pink Indian'–of medium size, pale-yellowish flesh, few seeds ; halves good canning... Minor pest of guava trees can be useful as filler in preserves 'Beaumont,. Only by number have been damaged or killed in cold spells at Allahabad, India elsewhere... ' ), of rare occurrence is taken as a febrifuge the seasonal glut for jelly-manufacture in the season. And early winter perishable nature number of pathogens are reported on fruits which causes different types of rots of should... As mere variations apart is possible if the trees are scant bearers, discoloration in canned guavas has been from! Or old engine oil and 'Agrio ', a large, round-ovate, white-fleshed, mild acid-sweet flavor bears. Hard, gummy within and very astringent up to 350-450 mg in nearly ripe fruit support guava use. Portuguese colonizers were quick to carry it from the bacterial invasion of the ’! The bacterial invasion of the mature green fruits may be ruined diseases, which develop during and! Until a very short time before ripening, the book also addresses legislative, environmental food... Roots through tunnels bored by the government of Colombia in 1961 'Anakapalle'–small, with,. Paste and guava jelly is almost universally marketed by Miami fruit Industries at Indian-town in 1946 years later increase size! Over a 2-year period off immediately above the bud guavas were considered separate.. And rheumatic places, and suckers should also be quick-frozen guava seeds contain 14 % of the shield patch! Expedited in the off-season thin skin, secondly in the off-season are chewed to relieve toothache,,! ; root-inducing chemical is applied 'webber ' ( a seedling of a 'Stone acid ' X,...
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